PRAXIS PRAXIS2 試験概要:

PRAXIS PRAXIS2 試験シラバストピック:

PRAXIS Pre-Professional Skills Test (PPST) II 認定 PRAXIS2 試験問題：

問題 #1
Sometimes it is very difficult to see what is going on in the other person's mind. In such situations it gets
difficult to communicate.
What can be inferred about the speaker of the above sentence?

A. The speaker gives importance to other people's views.
B. The speaker finds it difficult to communicate with strangers.
C. The speaker does not want to hurt anyone.
D. The speaker prefers to keep quiet than to say something wrong.
E. The speaker is conscious about what he speaks.

問題 #2
INTRODUCTION: CONCLUSION::

A. greeting:farewell
B. arrival:salutation
C. birth:marriage
D. announcement: news
E. friendship:termination

問題 #3
How many pentagons can be drawn by joining the vertices of a polygon with 10 sides?

A. 252
B. 400
C. 282
D. 562
E. 105

問題 #4
HYPERBOLE: LANGUAGE

A. ambition:working
B. repetition:behavior
C. idiom: slang
D. prodigality: spending
E. whimsicality: poetry

問題 #5
The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more
than two centuries. How such large creatures, which weighed in some cases as much as a piloted
hangglider and had wingspans from 8 to 12 meters, solved the problems of powered flight, and exactly
what these creatures were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientist have puzzled over.
Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls,
pelvises, and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the
class of birds. In pterosaurs a greatly elongated fourth finger of each forelimb supported a wing like
membrane. The other fingers were short and reptilian, with sharp claws, in birds the second finger is the
principle strut of the wing, which consists primarily of features. If the pterosaur walked or remained
stationary, the fourth finger, and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape
along side of the animal's body.
The pterosaurs resembled both birds and bats in their overall structure and proportions. This is not
surprising because the design of any flying vertebrate is subject to aerodynamic constraints. Both the
pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds,
however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.
Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coats. T.H. Huxley reasoned
that flying vertebrates must have been warm blooded because flying implies a high internal temperature.
Huxley speculated that a coat of hair would insulate against loss of body heat and might streamline the
body to reduce drag in flight. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense, and
relatively thick hairlike fossil material was the first clear evidenced that his reasoning was correct.
Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched
themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests
of waves. Each hypothesis has its difficulties. The first wrongly assumes that the pterosaur's hind feet
resembled a bat's and could served as hooks by which the animal could bang in preparation for flight. The
second hypothesis seems unlikely because large pterosaurs could not have landed in trees without
damaging their wings. The birds call for high waves to channels updrafts. The wind that made such waves
however, might have been too strong for the pterosaurs to control their flight once airborne.
According to the passage, the skeleton of a pterosaur can be distinguished from that of a bird by the

A. anatomic origin of its wing strut
B. size of its wing span
C. presence of hook like projections on its hind feet
D. Location of the shoulder joint joining the wind to its body
E. presence of hollow spaces in its bones

解説：